
Our sun could produce catastrophic superflares far more often than previously thought — and one may even be due soon — according to new research. Superflares are solar megastorms thousands of times more powerful than regular solar flares , capable of wreaking incalculable damage as they fry electronics, wipe data servers and send satellites tumbling from space. Past studies, made by observing stars similar to our own, suggested that superflares likely happened once every few thousand years. But now, a new study of 56,000 sun-like stars has revealed that stars like ours may experience powerful superflares much more often than we thought — roughly once every century. However, some crucial questions remain. The researchers published their findings Dec. 13 in the journal Science . "Our results demonstrate that stars with Sun-like [stars] ... can indeed produce superflares," Valeriy Vasilyev , a doctoral student at the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, told Live Science in an email. "Ionizing radiation, UV, and X-rays during a superflare (as well as from a [ coronal mass ejection , a plasma wave launched from the sun] if it accompanies the superflare) can have significant impacts. Details such as the impact on Earth's atmosphere, magnetosphere, and technological systems are important subjects for further investigation." The sun is a gigantic ball of plasma whose charged ions swirl over its surface to create powerful magnetic fields . As magnetic-field lines cannot cross each other, sometimes these fields knot before suddenly snapping to launch bursts of radiation called solar flares , which are sometimes accompanied by enormous coronal mass ejections (CMEs). If these outbursts are facing Earth , the X-rays and ultraviolet radiation produced by the flares knock electrons from atoms in the upper atmosphere, forming an ionized screen that high-frequency radio waves cannot bounce off that leads to radio blackouts. These blackouts occur over the areas lit by the sun during the time of the flare and last one or two hours. Related: Ancient solar storm smashed Earth at the wrong part of the sun's cycle — and scientists are concerned Sign up for the Live Science daily newsletter now Get the world’s most fascinating discoveries delivered straight to your inbox. One of the largest solar storms in recent history was the 1859 Carrington Event , which released roughly the same energy as 10 billion 1-megaton atomic bombs. After slamming into Earth, the powerful stream of solar particles set telegraph systems around the world on fire and caused auroras brighter than the light of the full moon to appear as far south as the Caribbean. Yet some evidence, such as sudden spikes in radiocarbon levels found inside ancient tree rings, suggests that our sun could be capable of producing flares hundreds of times stronger than the Carrington Event. If pointed toward Earth, these storms could prove to be disastrous. To investigate the likelihood of a superflare being produced by our sun, the researchers behind the new study used NASA 's Kepler space telescope to study 56,450 stars, identifying 2,889 superflares coming from 2,527 stars like our sun between 2009 and 2013. Compared to previous studies, this is a significant step up in the frequency of devastating superflares, a result the researchers attribute to biases in past experiments, such as only measuring stars with rotation periods similar to our sun. As most rotation periods (which are tied to solar activity) are difficult to detect, this led a lot of stars like ours to be excluded from prior observations. But the astronomers behind the study developed a new method to work around these biases. "We employed a new flare detection method developed by our group to identify flare sources in light curves and images with sub-pixel resolution, accounting for instrumental effects," Vasilyev said. "This method has been applied for the first time to detect superflares, enabling the analysis of a much larger sample of stars." — An 'Internet apocalypse' could ride to Earth with the next solar storm, new research warns — Devastating solar storms could be far more common than we thought — Solar storms might be causing gray whales to get lost However, despite their troubling findings, some assumptions within the study remain unexplored. These include possible unobserved differences between our own sun and the sun-like stars they observed flaring. For example, 30% of these flaring stars exist in binary pairs — two stars orbiting a shared center of gravity — which could be triggering superflares through tidal interactions. Loose ends such as these will need to be investigated further before we can be sure that the sun is likely to pummel Earth with a superflare soon, the researchers say. In the meantime, they recommend better forecasting of the sun to predict when it might throw its next extreme tantrum — an endeavor which will be helped by the planned launch of the European Space Agency ’s Vigil probe in 2031. "I hope people will carefully investigate [this question] after reading our paper," Vasilyev said.KyKy Tandy, FAU close out Oklahoma State in Charleston
As feathers flew, Tim Walz accepted the symbolic presentation of a turkey Tuesday as he eases back into his duties as Minnesota’s governor following the Harris-Walz ticket’s defeat in the presidential election. Unlike the Minnesota-grown turkeys that President Joe Biden pardoned at the White House on Monday, Walz didn’t pardon this turkey, he said, “because in Minnesota we know turkeys are delicious.” The 41.8-pounder named Tom was raised by Paisley VonBerge, a Future Farmers of America leader from Hutchinson, and it will star in her family’s Thanksgiving dinner. It flapped its wings and shed feathers as she hoisted it onto a display table but quickly calmed down, oblivious to its fate. “After today, this bird will go back to my farm to be enjoyed the way that turkeys are intended,” Paisley said. “That is very Minnesotan,” Walz added to loud laughter. “We don’t hide the fact we love our turkeys.” Minnesota produces more turkeys annually than any other state. Its farmers raised 38.5 million birds in 2023, according to U.S. Department of Agriculture statistics, followed by North Carolina at 29 million. North Carolina edged Minnesota last year in total poundage, producing just over 1.07 billion pounds, compared with just over 1.05 billion pounds for Minnesota. The ceremony in the governor’s reception room was the first time Walz had met with reporters at the state Capitol since last summer, before Vice President Kamala Harris picked him as her running mate. While Walz has held private meetings in recent weeks with staff, legislative leaders and other public officials, interviewed potential judicial appointees, and fielded some press questions, he’s still ramping back up with public events. He said Tuesday that he had no regrets about agreeing to run — and is proud he did. The Walz-Harris ticket got over 74 million votes to nearly 77 million for President-elect Donald Trump. While Walz said that shows that many Americans liked the message he and Harris put out, he acknowledged it was “not quite enough.” “I was just glad to be out there, and to be honest, glad to tell Minnesota’s story — that we get things done together and we’re pretty hopeful people,” he told reporters. Walz is already preparing for the upcoming legislative session, when he and his fellow Democrats will have to share power with Republicans — a contrast with the last two years when they enjoyed the “trifecta” of controlling the governor’s office and both the state House and Senate. While Democrats kept their one-vote majority in the Senate, recounts that wrapped up Monday confirmed that the House will be tied 67-67 when lawmakers convene Jan. 14, barring successful court challenges. Related Articles Politics | In push to break tie with House DFL, Republicans say they’ll challenge election in southwest metro Politics | Federal lawsuit seeks to overturn MN abortion protections Politics | Health providers dropping Medicare Advantage could affect coverage for 60,000 Minnesotans Politics | Ramsey County judge halts cannabis license lottery that is precursor to Minnesota marijuana retail launch Politics | Divided MN Legislature will have to pass budget with looming shortfalls this session House Republicans announced Tuesday that they plan to sue to contest one race, where incumbent Democratic Rep. Brad Tabke, of Shakopee, won his recount by 14 votes, but where Scott County elections officials are still trying to determine what happened to 21 absentee ballots that might be missing. Even assuming the tie holds up, it’s going to force compromises if lawmakers are going to pass a balanced budget before the session ends in May. But Walz said they proved power sharing could work in 2019, when Republicans controlled the Senate and Minnesota was one of the few states with a divided Legislature. “We’re going to have some opportunities to continue to move in the positive direction we’ve gone,” Walz said.Faruqi & Faruqi Reminds Wolfspeed Investors Of The Pending Class Action Lawsuit With A Lead Plaintiff Deadline Of January 17, 2025 – WOLF
AI advances have sparked a new global race for military dominance. Geoffrey Hinton said that, right now, countries are working in secret to gain an advantage. That will change once AI becomes so intelligent it presents an existential threat, he said. The rapid advances in AI have triggered an international race for military dominance. Advertisement Major powers are quietly integrating AI into their militaries to gain a strategic edge. However, this could change once AI becomes advanced enough to pose an existential threat to humanity, AI "godfather" and Nobel Prize winner Geoffrey Hinton says. "On risks like lethal autonomous weapons, countries will not collaborate," Hinton said in a seminar at the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences last week. "All of the major countries that supply arms, Russia, the United States, China, Britain, Israel, and possibly Sweden, are busy making autonomous lethal weapons, and they're not gonna be slowed down, they're not gonna regulate themselves, and they're not gonna collaborate." Advertisement However, Hinton believes that will change when it becomes necessary for the human race to fight the potential threat posed by a super-intelligent form of AI. "When these things are smarter than us — which almost all the researchers I know believe they will be, we just differ on how soon, whether it's like in five years or in 30 years — will they take over and is there anything we can do to prevent that from happening since we make them? We'll get collaboration on that because all of the countries don't want that to happen." "The Chinese Communist Party does not want to lose power to AI," he added. They want to hold on to it." Advertisement Hinton said this collaboration could resemble the Cold War, when Russia and the United States — despite being enemies — shared a common goal to avoid nuclear war. Citing similar concerns, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman has called on world leaders to establish an "international agency" that examines the most powerful AI models and ensures "reasonable safety testing." "I think there will come a time in the not-so-distant future, like we're not talking decades and decades from now, where frontier AI systems are capable of causing significant global harm," Altman said on the All-In podcast in May. Advertisement According to a report by Goldman Sachs, global investment in AI is expected to hit $200 billion by 2025, with the United States and China leading the military arms race. The United States and China are already beginning to collaborate on existential threats related to AI. In November, at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Summit, President Joe Biden and Chinese leader Xi Jinping agreed that humans, not AI, should make decisions regarding the use of nuclear technology.German economic institutes pessimistic on growth in 2025
Manmohan Singh passes away: 7 top quotes by the former Prime MinisterBillionaire and nominee to become the next head of NASA Jared Isaacman is certainly a fan of SpaceX having relied on Elon Musk’s company for his two trips to space. But he shared the love across SpaceX competitors during a commencement speech for the fall graduation class at Daytona Beach’s Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University on Thursday. The ERAU alumnus earned a fortune as founder and CEO of credit-card processing company Shift4 Payments, which allowed him to pursue his love of aircraft and eventually spaceflight. He received a bachelor’s degree in aeronautics in 2011, and was given an honorary doctorate at the ceremony while also encouraging the graduating class to “a journey into one of the most interesting and really opportune times that aerospace has ever seen.” It’s the second time he’s spoken to ERAU graduates. The first time was soon after his return from his first spaceflight on the Inspiration4 mission in 2021, the first orbital spaceflight with a completely commercial crew. His most recent spaceflight this past September on the Polaris Dawn mission allowed Isaacman to become the first person to perform a commercial spacewalk. Jared Isaacman claps during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Embry‐Riddle Aeronautical University Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs and Provost Kelly Austin and President P. Barry Butler present a Doctor of Humane Letters honorary degree to Jared Isaacman, during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Jared Isaacman is the keynote speaker during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Processional for the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Jared Isaacman is the keynote speaker during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Jared Isaacman shakes hands with graduates during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Jared Isaacman is the keynote speaker during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Embry‐Riddle Aeronautical University Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs and Provost Kelly Austin and President P. Barry Butler present a Doctor of Humane Letters honorary degree to Jared Isaacman, during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Jared Isaacman is the keynote speaker during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) Jared Isaacman claps during the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fall Undergraduate Commencement ceremony at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, on Thursday, Dec. 12, 2024. Isaacman has been nominated to lead NASA by President-elect Trump...(Ricardo Ramirez Buxeda/ Orlando Sentinel) He has since been nominated by President-Elect Donald Trump to take over NASA. Clues to where he might try to lead the agency could be found in his commencement speech. He referenced how America’s glory days of aerospace innovation from the 1950s-1980s showcased the country’s ingenuity, but that was followed by about a 30-year drought. “It felt like we really lost our edge. We lost our will to push the boundaries,” he said. “Our tolerance for risk really became near zero, and we got so comfortable, our competitors overseas were able to substantially close capability gaps.” But giving credit the SpaceX accomplishments including the return to U.S.-based human spaceflight, rocket reusability and the potential of Starship, he let the graduating class know there is reason to be optimistic again. But he also gave credit to Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin with their suborbital space launches, gave props to Rocket Lab as a reliable launch provider and highlighted some of the accomplishments that would be part of his charge in NASA if confirmed by the Senate. He called out the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope, the success of Martian helicopter Ingenuity and the Europa Clipper mission headed to one of Jupiter’s moons to see if it’s capable of supporting life. “This is wild stuff, and it’s happening right now,” he said. “There are so many exciting industry-wide projects that are underway from Blue Origin’s New Glenn that really should be launching in the very near future, possibly this month, to Rocket Lab’s Neutron, to hypersonics, to direct-to-cell satellites, flying-wing refueling tankers, a wave of autonomous drone technologies. And we’re starting to really live in the future that we all dreamed about as kids.” He praised SpaceX’s Starlink satellite constellation, but also highlighted similar capability from competitors such as Amazon’s in-development Project Kuiper as well as OneWeb, as essential to connecting the world. “What I’m describing here are all proof points that we are stepping into a new era, one that demands really the best talent, motivation, perseverance in the face of adversity and vision for a brighter and more interesting future, the qualities you have undoubtedly begun to develop here at Embry-Riddle,” he said. While he has a vested interest in space, Isaacman said he knows the graduating class will excel in an array of endeavors. “With your education, the opportunities and problems to solve do not necessarily have to be among the stars,” he said. “It’s about taking the knowledge, the skills and the drive that have brought you to this point and using them to solve enormous problems for the benefit of all humankind, whether you’re on or off Spaceship Earth.” But for those that do pursue space-related careers, he sees a much brighter future. “There’s going to be interplanetary spaceships. Heck, there are going to be factories that are making boosters and spaceships, satellites, probes, robots, lasers, space infrastructure. And this is going to happen as fast as we make airplanes today,” he said. He paid deference to President John F. Kennedy in the 1960s challenging a generation to reach the moon, while promoting the new call to action and the efforts already underway at NASA. “You stand at the precipice of your own moonshots,” he said. “We’re choosing to return to the moon to create a future on Mars and beyond and figure out that space economy. We’re going to design aircraft that travel faster, cleaner, more efficiently than they ever have, and to foster a sustainable space and aviation ecosystem.” Whether these solutions come from commercial efforts such as SpaceX or spearheaded by national policy, he expects them to come from the likes of ERAU graduates, he said. ‘It’s you who will make these possibilities real, working on and off the planet to create technologies that will carry our civilization across the skies into space and into the planets beyond,” he said. “And along the way, who knows? Maybe answer some of the questions that we’ve all been thinking about since the beginning of humankind.”
How the stock market defied expectations again this year, by the numbers NEW YORK (AP) — What a wonderful year 2024 has been for investors. U.S. stocks ripped higher and carried the S&P 500 to records as the economy kept growing and the Federal Reserve began cutting interest rates. The benchmark index posted its first back-to-back annual gains of more than 20% since 1998. The year featured many familiar winners, such as Big Tech, which got even bigger as their stock prices kept growing. But it wasn’t just Apple, Nvidia and the like. Bitcoin and gold surged and “Roaring Kitty” reappeared to briefly reignite the meme stock craze. Stock market today: Stocks waver in thin trading after US markets reopen following a holiday pause Stocks are wavering on Wall Street as gains in tech companies and retailers help temper losses elsewhere in the market. The S&P 500, Nasdaq composite and Dow Jones Industrial Average were down by less than 0.1% in afternoon trading Thursday. Trading volume is lighter than usual as U.S. markets reopened following the Christmas holiday. The Labor Department reported that U.S. applications for unemployment benefits held steady last week, though continuing claims rose to the highest level in three years. Treasury yields fell. U.S. markets have historically gotten a boost at year’s end despite lower trading volumes. Israel strikes Houthi rebels in Yemen's capital while the WHO chief says he was meters away JERUSALEM (AP) — A new round of Israeli airstrikes in Yemen have targeted the Houthi rebel-held capital of Sanaa and multiple ports. The World Health Organization’s director-general said the bombardment on Thursday took place just “meters away” as he was about to board a flight in Sanaa. He says a crew member was hurt. The strikes followed several days of Houthi attacks and launches setting off sirens in Israel. Israel's military says it attacked infrastructure used by the Houthis at the international airport in Sanaa, power stations and ports. The Israeli military later said it wasn’t aware that the WHO chief was at the location in Yemen. Holiday shoppers increased spending by 3.8% despite higher prices New data shows holiday sales rose this year even as Americans wrestled with still high prices in many grocery necessities and other financial worries. According to Mastercard SpendingPulse, holiday sales from the beginning of November through Christmas Eve climbed 3.8%, a faster pace than the 3.1% increase from a year earlier. The measure tracks all kinds of payments including cash and debit cards. This year, retailers were even more under the gun to get shoppers in to buy early and in bulk since there were five fewer days between Thanksgiving and Christmas. Mastercard SpendingPulse says the last five days of the season accounted for 10% of the spending. Sales of clothing, electronics and Jewelry rose. Finland stops Russia-linked vessel over damaged undersea power cable in Baltic Sea FRANKFURT, Germany (AP) — Finnish police say authorities detained a ship linked to neighboring Russia as they investigate whether it damaged a Baltic Sea power cable and several data cables. It was the latest incident involving disruption of key infrastructure. Police and border guards boarded the Eagle S and took control as they investigate damage to the Estlink-2 undersea power cable. The cable brings electricity from Finland to Estonia across the Baltic Sea. The cable went down on Wednesday. The incident follows damage to two data cables and the Nord Stream gas pipelines. Both have been termed sabotage. Russian ship that sank in the Mediterranean was attacked, owner says MOSCOW (AP) — The Russian operator of a cargo ship that sank in the Mediterranean Sea between Spain and Algeria says it has been hit by a series of explosions in an act of sabotage. Oboronlogistica is a state-controlled company that operated the Ursa Major freighter. The company said the vessel was wrecked by three powerful explosions just above the water line in what it described as a “terrorist attack” that caused it to sink on Monday. The company said in a statement carried by Russia’s state RIA Novosti news agency on Thursday that the explosions left a hole in the ship’s starboard and filled the engine room with acrid smoke. That hampered the crew’s attempts to access it. Undersea power cable linking Finland and Estonia hit by outage, prompting investigation FRANKFURT, Germany (AP) — Finland’s prime minister says authorities are investigating an interruption in a power cable under the Baltic Sea between his country and Estonia. Petteri Orpo said on X that power transmission through the Estlink-2 cable suffered an outage Wednesday. Authorities have been on edge about undersea infrastructure in the Baltic after two international data cables were severed in November and the Nord Stream gas pipelines between Russia and Germany were blown up in September 2022. Japan to maximize nuclear power in clean-energy push as electricity demand grows TOKYO (AP) — A Japanese government panel has largely supported a draft energy policy calling for bolstering renewables up to half of Japanese electricity needs by 2040. It also recommends maximizing the use of nuclear power to accommodate the growing demand for power in the era of AI while meeting decarbonization targets. Cabinet is expected to formally approve the plan by March following a period of public consultation. The policy says nuclear energy should account for 20% of Japan’s energy supply in 2040, with renewables expanded to 40-50% and coal-fired power reduced to 30-40%. Working Well: Returning to the office can disrupt life. Here are some tips to navigate the changes NEW YORK (AP) — Thousands of workers are facing an unsettling reality heading into 2025. After years of working from the comfort of home, they're being told it’s time to return to the office full-time for the first time since the coronavirus pandemic. That can bring a host of challenges, including losing time with family. Workers at Amazon, AT&T and other companies have been called back to the office five days a week. Experts have advice to share about how to navigate the changes when an employer calls you back to the office. Workers can convey what they need, seek flexibility and if all else fails, consider other options. US applications for unemployment benefits hold steady, but continuing claims rise to 3-year high WASHINGTON (AP) — The number of Americans applying for unemployment benefits held steady last week, though continuing claims rose to the highest level in three years. The US Labor Department reported Thursday that jobless claim applications ticked down by 1,000 to 219,000 for the week of Dec. 21. That’s fewer than the 223,000 analysts forecast. Continuing claims, the total number of Americans collecting jobless benefits, climbed by 46,000 to 1.91 million for the week of Dec. 14. That’s more than analysts projected and the most since the week of Nov. 13, 2021. Weekly applications for jobless benefits are considered representative of U.S. layoffs.UK honours revoked amid issues