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Scientists have raised concerns about hospitality staff coming into contact with second-hand smoke at work after the Government rowed back on plans to make it illegal to smoke in pub beer gardens. Concerns have also been raised about the “renormalisation” of smoking. Dr Rachel O’Donnell, senior research fellow at the University of Stirling’s Institute for Social Marketing and Health, said restrictions on smoking in outdoor places can “reinforce” a message that smoking “isn’t a socially acceptable thing to do” and could also help smokers to kick the habit. In November, it emerged that the UK Government is to scrap plans to ban smoking in the gardens of pubs and restaurants in England. Health Secretary Wes Streeting said the hospitality industry has “taken a real battering in recent years” and it is not “the right time” to ban smoking outside pubs. But smoking and vaping could be banned in other public places in England – such as in playgrounds or outside of schools – under the Tobacco and Vapes Bill. According to the World Health Organisation, there is no safe level of second-hand smoke exposure. In a briefing for journalists, Dr O’Donnell said decision-making “should be on the basis of all the evidence that’s available”. She added: “Any debate about legislation on smoking in outdoor settings shouldn’t only focus on air quality and second-hand smoke exposure levels, because the impacts of restrictions in outdoor settings are also evident on our social norms.” Smoke-free outdoor environments “reinforce smoke-free as the acceptable norm”, she said. “This, I think, is a critically important point at a time where in the media, over the last year, we’ve seen various reports and questions as to whether we might be on the cusp of renormalisation of smoking for various reasons, and so smoke-free public environments still have a critically important role to play. “If you reduce opportunities to smoke, it can also help individuals who smoke themselves to reduce the amount they smoke or to make a quit attempt.” Dr O’Donnell said visibility of tobacco products and smoking is a “form of marketing for tobacco companies” as she pointed to studies highlighting the increasing number of tobacco depictions on screen. She went on: “The more often young adults observe smoking around them, the more likely they are to believe that smoking is socially acceptable, which feeds back into this idea of renormalisation of smoking. “So, restrictions on smoking in outdoor public places have other positive knock-on effects, potentially for young people as well, just sending out that clear message that this isn’t a socially acceptable thing to do and see, and this could help to discourage smoking initiation among young people at quite a critical time.” On being exposed to second-hand smoke at work, she added: “I think sometimes when we think about exposure to second-hand smoke in outdoor settings, in pubs, in restaurants, we think about that sort of occasional customer exposure, the nuisance element of it when people are out enjoying a meal with friends, but we also need to be reminded that this is a repeated occupational exposure for those who are working in hospitality and serving drinks and food. “Now, as we’ve already seen, concentrations of second-hand smoke in these settings are generally low, and they’re likely to present a low risk to health for most healthy people. “But ... there’s no safe level of exposure to second-hand smoke, and so any individual with pre-existing heart, lung or respiratory conditions may be particularly vulnerable even to low levels of exposure. “We know that second-hand smoke is its known carcinogen, and on that basis those exposed in the hospitality sector have a right to be protected. “On that basis, there’s a need to protect them, as there is anybody in any workplace setting from second-hand smoke exposure in all areas of workplaces and spaces.” Sean Semple, professor of exposure science at the University of Stirling’s Institute for Social Marketing and Health, said: “I think that if I were a policy-maker, which I am not, then I would be looking at those occupational exposures as well. “I have asthma, if I was being occupationally exposed to SHS (second-hand smoke), and knowing that I was one of a very small number of workers now being legally exposed to SHS in the workplace, then I might not be very happy about that.” A Department of Health and Social Care spokesperson said: “As part of our 10 Year Health Plan we are shifting focus from sickness to prevention, including tackling the harms of smoking and passive smoking. “The landmark Tobacco and Vapes Bill is the biggest public health intervention in a generation and will put us on track towards a smoke-free UK.”acegame888 。

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SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — California Gov. Gavin Newsom and state lawmakers returned to the state Capitol on Monday to begin a special session to protect the state's progressive policies ahead of another Trump presidency. The Democratic governor, a fierce critic of President-elect Donald Trump, is positioning California to once again be the center of a resistance effort against the conservative agenda. He is asking his Democratic allies in the Legislature, who hold supermajorities in both chambers, to approve additional funding to the attorney general's office to prepare for a robust legal fight against anticipated federal challenges. Democratic Assemblymember Jesse Gabriel on Monday introduced legislation to set aside $25 million for legal fees to respond to potential attacks by the Trump administration on state policies regarding civil rights, climate change, immigration and abortion access. “While we always hope to collaborate with our federal partners, California will be ready to vigorously defend our interests and values from any unlawful action by the incoming Trump Administration,” Gabriel said in a statement. California sued the first Trump administration more than 120 times to various levels of success. “We’re not going to be caught flat-footed,” Newsom said at a recent news conference. Trump often depicts California as representing all he sees wrong in America. Democrats, which hold every statewide office in California and have commanding margins in the Legislature and congressional delegation, outnumber registered Republicans by nearly 2-to-1 statewide. Trump called the Democratic governor “Newscum” during a campaign stop in Southern California and has relentlessly lambasted the Democratic stronghold over its large number of immigrants in the U.S. illegally, homeless population and thicket of regulations. Trump also waded into a water rights battle over the endangered delta smelt , a tiny fish that has pitted environmentalists against farmers and threatened to withhold federal aid to a state increasingly under threat from wildfires. He also vowed to follow through with his campaign promise of carrying out the mass deportation of immigrants without legal status and prosecuting his political enemies. Before the special session began, state lawmakers swore in more than two dozen new members and elect leaders for the 2025 legislative session. Lawmakers voted to convene the special session largely along party lines. “This special session is about sticking up for Californians and for California values,” said state Sen. Scott Wiener, a Democrat representing San Francisco. “It is about ensuring that the president of the United States and his administration actually follow the law.” Hundreds of people also demonstrated around the Capitol on Monday to urge the Legislature to try to stop Trump's mass deportation plans . They carried banners that said “Not one cent for mass deportation” and “MAGA out of California.” “With the results of the presidential election, we need our state elected officials to use every tool and every resource they have available to them to protect our immigrant Californians,” protester Deborah Lee said. State Attorney General Rob Bonta said his office will protect the state’s immigration population, while Newsom last week unveiled a proposal to revive a rebate program for electric vehicle purchases if the incoming Trump administration eliminates a federal tax credit for people who buy electric cars. Newsom is also considering creating a backup disaster relief fund for the wildfire-prone state after Trump’s threats. Bonta announced legislation Monday aimed at bolstering reproductive rights in the state, including by allowing the attorney general to seek monetary penalties against local governments that infringe on those rights. The proposals are part of the state's efforts to safeguard against threats to abortion access after the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade . Republican lawmakers blasted Newsom and his Democratic allies over the special session. State Sen. Kelly Seyarto, a Republican representing Murrieta in Southern California, said the special session proposal would make California have a more adversarial relationship with the federal government. “What we’re doing today is sending that exact message — that we are going to fight tooth and nail for everything. And you know what? That means they’re going to fight us tooth and nail for everything,” Seyarto said of the incoming Trump administration if the legislation gets approved. Legislators also are expected to spend the year discussing ways to protect dozens of laws expected to be targeted by the Trump administration, including one that has made the state a sanctuary for people seeking abortions who live in states where such practices have been severely limited. California, the nation’s most populous state, was the first to mandate that by 2035 all new cars , pickup trucks and SUVs sold in California be electric, hydrogen-powered or plug-in hybrids. The state also extends state-funded health care to all low-income residents regardless of their immigration status. Newsom hasn't provided details about what actions the lawmakers will consider but said he wanted funding in place before Trump's inauguration day, Jan. 20. The state spent roughly $42 million in litigation costs during the first Trump administration, officials said. California is projected to face a $2 billion budget deficit next year, with bigger shortfalls ahead. Gabriel, who sued the first Trump administration in 2017 when it tried to end a program to shield young immigrants from being deported, said lining up the funding now is “a wise investment." California successfully clawed back $57 million between 2017 and 2018 after prevailing in a lawsuit to block the Trump administration from putting immigration enforcement conditions on certain federal law enforcement grants. Another legal victory over the citizenship question in the 2020 census forced the federal government to return $850,000 to the state, according to the attorney general's office. During Trump’s first presidency, Democratic attorneys general banded together to file lawsuits over immigration, Trump’s travel ban for residents of Muslim countries, the environment, immigration and other topics. But Trump has one possible advantage this time around: He was aggressive in nominating conservative jurists to federal courts at all levels, including the Supreme Court. Associated Press journalists Haven Daley and Sophie Austin contributed to this report.Lidia Thorpe and Ralph Babet (Image: AAP/Private Media) Racism and reverse racism. Misogyny and misandry. Homophobia and heterophobia. I have heard a lot of false equivalences touted in my time, yet none quite as stark as the false equivalency the federal government managed to manufacture earlier this week when they decided to censure both Senator Lidia Thorpe and Senator Ralph Babet concurrently for transgressions they claimed warranted such action. In the case of Thorpe, the censure was in relation to her infamous protest at a reception for King Charles III — an action which, while loud and confronting, was based in truth-telling with regards to both Indigenous sovereignty and the harm that had been committed in the name of the Crown. In the case of Babet, it was due to a tweet in which he used racist, homophobic and ableist slurs in order to dare “woke ass freaks” to come at him. In no way are these actions of equivalence. Lidia Thorpe sees her Senate spot as the Greens ‘paying the rent’ Read More Yet when Senator Penny Wong took to the microphone to introduce the censure motions, drawing that false equivalence was exactly what she did. Wong claimed both motions were about the “standards of respect” expected of senators, and that both wayward senators were engaging in actions to create social media storms while offering nothing of substance to improve people’s lives. While this may have been the case with Babet’s disgusting tweet, perhaps if Wong had stopped and actually considered the substance contained within Thorpe’s protest words, she may have realised that improving the lives of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples while educating the masses on some realities is exactly why she took that action. Disappointingly, but predictably, the champions of “free speech” that are the federal opposition appeared to forget this very core value, with the majority of them supporting both censure motions, and Senator Birmingham parroting Wong’s sentiments. To his credit, Queensland Nationals Senator Matt Canavan was the lone Coalition voice to question the motions and he voted against them — not on the content, but rather on the basis of process. Due to flight delays, neither Thorpe nor Babet were able to be present to hear the motions and defend themselves should they have wished to. They had only been informed that morning they were being censured. The timing of the vote was not the only problem of process. As Greens Senator Mehreen Faruqi rose to express her dissent in relation to the censure against Thorpe, she was repeatedly shut down by Senate President Sue Lines. Why? Because she dared to highlight the racism inherent in the chamber, while pointing out that it did not have the right to dictate to an Aboriginal woman, or indeed any other people of colour, how they should engage in protest. It was a fair point. Not only did Faruqi remind the chamber of the fact it had failed to censure Pauline Hanson for a racist tweet aimed at her, she also highlighted that this same tweet was later deemed to be racial vilification via court proceedings. What does Wong actually know about the art of protest? She’s not one to make a stand, even if it means she ends up voting against marriage equality despite being a lesbian woman who wished to marry her partner, and she certainly had no qualms in highlighting her compliance to the party line when, earlier this year, Senator Fatima Payman made a stance of unconditional support for the recognition of a Palestinian state while a genocide has been going on. Is this lack of discernment, and reinforcement of ignorance, just a given when it comes to accepting the modus operandi of our elected politicians? Will Senator Ralph Babet see censure for his slur-ridden posting? Read More What message are the four Indigenous senators who fell in lockstep with their party’s stance sending, not only to the many Indigenous people disenfranchised in this country who are looking for politicians to champion our issues, but also to the broader Australian public? First, that talking truth to power when it’s right there in front of you is unacceptable and warrants punishment, even though in the case of the federal government, they did commit to “truth-telling” when they promised to implement the Uluru Statement from the Heart in full. Secondly, despite successive governments’ failures to listen to our more polite forms of protest such as petitions, consultative bodies, now-forgotten referendums and peaceful assemblies in parks, these tactics are the only ones we should be utilising. It’s more sinister than this though. Because truly, via their choice to censure Thorpe and Babet concurrently, while neither of them were there, they are stating there is no difference between an Aboriginal woman skilfully highlighting decades of injustice in the space of a mere minute in a House that was initially built to specifically exclude us, and a man using a bunch of disgusting and outdated slurs on a social media platform to rile progressives for fun. And so here we are, in the wake of the shambolic referendum process, finding the very issues Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples continue to take to the streets for comparable to a disgusting and deliberately inflammatory tweet. Have something to say about this article? Write to us at letters@crikey.com.au . Please include your full name to be considered for publication in Crikey’s Your Say . We reserve the right to edit for length and clarity.Celestron Inspire 100AZ review: A telescope to get you looking up

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Parents of Connor Kasin reflect on the teen hockey player's tragic death on Long IslandNov 29, 2024; San Jose, California, USA; San Jose State Spartans offensive lineman Marist Talavou (61) celebrates their win over the Stanford Cardinal at CEFCU Stadium. Eakin Howard-Imagn Images/File Photo San Jose State will face South Florida in the Hawaii Bowl, officials announced Tuesday. The contest will be held Dec. 24 on the Hawaii campus in Honolulu. The Spartans (7-5) of the Mountain West completed the regular season by beating neighbor Stanford 34-31 on Friday. San Jose State features star receiver Nick Nash, who leads the nation with 104 receptions, 1,382 receiving yards and 16 receiving touchdowns. The Spartans also played in the Hawaii Bowl last season, falling 24-14 to Coastal Carolina. South Florida (6-6) won four of its last six games, but lost 35-28 to fellow American Athletic Conference foe Rice on Saturday. "We are excited for the opportunity to compete in the Hawaii Bowl against a very good San Jose State team," Bulls coach Alex Golesh said in a news release. "Hawaii is a unique and beautiful destination that our players are excited to experience, and we look forward to productive bowl practices and a great game as we continue to build our program." --Western Michigan and South Alabama will meet in the Salute to Veterans Bowl at Montgomery, Ala., on Dec. 14. It will be the first contest of the bowl season. Western Michigan (6-6) gained bowl eligibility with a 26-18 victory over Eastern Michigan in Mid-American Conference play on Saturday. "This is a great opportunity for our football program and our university," Broncos coach Lance Taylor said in a news release. "South Alabama is a well-coached, physical team that will be a great test for our team." South Alabama (6-6) lost to Texas State 45-38 in Sun Belt play on Friday. The Jaguars have won four of their past six games. --Field Level Media REUTERS Join ST's Telegram channel and get the latest breaking news delivered to you. Read 3 articles and stand to win rewards Spin the wheel now

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